How did Mehmed II conquer Constantinople in 1453?

The Ottomans are the longest reigning dynasty in history (1299 – 1919) but their crowning achievement was the conquest of the crumbling but immensely old and highly civilized, Greco-Roman or Byzantine Empire, direct descendant of the original Roman Empire. This video explains how the Ottomans set foot in Constantinople during the reign of Mehmed II, the so-called Fatih (Conqueror):

Orthodox Christianity suffered, the Greeks did not have a country of their own for many centuries but, for the Ottomans, it was the moment they became a superpower.

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